Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block] |
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As of December 31,
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|
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2022
|
|
|
2021
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|
Deferred tax assets: |
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|
|
|
|
|
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Net operating loss carryforwards
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|
$ |
39,200,586 |
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|
$ |
36,793,074 |
|
R&D credit carryforwards*
|
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|
9,256,968 |
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|
|
9,501,299 |
|
Stock compensation
|
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|
286,724 |
|
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|
481,098 |
|
Intangibles
|
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|
455,959 |
|
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|
567,213 |
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Accrued expenses
|
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|
710,940 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Capitalized §174 expenses
|
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|
1,116,433 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Disallowed interest expense
|
|
|
— |
|
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|
851,247 |
|
Temporary differences
|
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|
196,575 |
|
|
|
305,974 |
|
Deferred tax assets before valuation allowance
|
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|
51,224,185 |
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|
48,499,905 |
|
Valuation allowance
|
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|
(51,224,185 |
)
|
|
|
(48,499,905 |
)
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Net deferred tax assets
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
$ |
— |
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|
Summary of Tax Credit Carryforwards [Table Text Block] |
As of December 31, 2022
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U.S. Net Operating Loss Carryforwards
|
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|
U.S. R&D Credit Carryforwards
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Generated
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Expiration
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Amount
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Generated
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Expiration
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Amount
|
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2003
|
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2023 |
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
2023 |
|
|
$ |
2,905 |
|
2004
|
|
2024 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
2024 |
|
|
|
22,861 |
|
2005
|
|
2025 |
|
|
|
— |
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2005 |
|
|
|
2025 |
|
|
|
218,332 |
|
2006
|
|
2026 |
|
|
|
— |
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|
2006 |
|
|
|
2026 |
|
|
|
365,541 |
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2007
|
|
2027 |
|
|
|
— |
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2007 |
|
|
|
2027 |
|
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|
342,898 |
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2008
|
|
2028 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
|
2028 |
|
|
|
531,539 |
|
2009
|
|
2029 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
2029 |
|
|
|
596,843 |
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2010
|
|
2030 |
|
|
|
— |
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2010 |
|
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|
2030 |
|
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|
1,094,449 |
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2011
|
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2031 |
|
|
|
— |
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2011 |
|
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|
2031 |
|
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1,950,744 |
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2012
|
|
2032 |
|
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18,898,490 |
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2012 |
|
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|
2032 |
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|
468,008 |
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2013
|
|
2033 |
|
|
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37,450,522 |
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2013 |
|
|
|
2033 |
|
|
|
681,772 |
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2014
|
|
2034 |
|
|
|
34,088,874 |
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2014 |
|
|
|
2034 |
|
|
|
816,116 |
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2015
|
|
2035 |
|
|
|
25,073,846 |
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2015 |
|
|
|
2035 |
|
|
|
492,732 |
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2016
|
|
2036 |
|
|
|
15,581,209 |
|
|
2016 |
|
|
|
2036 |
|
|
|
262,257 |
|
2017
|
|
2037 |
|
|
|
— |
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2017 |
|
|
|
2037 |
|
|
|
387,892 |
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2018
|
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N/A |
|
|
|
— |
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2018 |
|
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|
2038 |
|
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|
197,547 |
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2019
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N/A |
|
|
|
11,245,808 |
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2019 |
|
|
|
2039 |
|
|
|
213,065 |
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2020
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N/A |
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|
11,018,478 |
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2020 |
|
|
|
2040 |
|
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|
222,842 |
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2021
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N/A |
|
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|
15,419,213 |
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2021 |
|
|
|
2041 |
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|
|
— |
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2022
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N/A |
|
|
|
6,350,804 |
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2022 |
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|
|
2042 |
|
|
|
— |
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Total carryforwards |
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$ |
175,127,244 |
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Total carryforwards |
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|
$ |
8,868,343 |
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|
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block] |
|
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2022
|
|
|
2021
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
%
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
|
%
|
|
Benefit at statutory rate
|
|
$ |
(3,137,533 |
)
|
|
|
(21.0 |
)%
|
|
$ |
(2,460,126 |
)
|
|
|
(21.0 |
)%
|
Adjustments to valuation allowance
|
|
|
2,724,281 |
|
|
|
17.9 |
%
|
|
|
2,676,868 |
|
|
|
22.9 |
%
|
Adjustments to R&D credit carryforwards
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(199,589 |
)
|
|
|
(1.7 |
)%
|
Permanent items and other
|
|
|
413,252 |
|
|
|
3.1 |
% |
|
|
(1,110 |
) |
|
|
(0.1 |
)%
|
Provision (benefit) per financial statements
|
|
$ |
— |
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
16,043 |
|
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|
|
|
|